2. Signaling Pathways
  3. GPCR/G Protein
    Neuronal Signaling
  4. Adrenergic Receptor

Adrenergic Receptor

Beta Receptor

Adrenergic Receptor

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Adrenergic receptors are a class of G protein-coupled receptors that are targets of the catecholamines, especially norepinephrine and epinephrine. Many cells possess these receptors, and the binding of a catecholamine to the receptor will generally stimulate the sympathetic nervous system. The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the fight-or-flight response, which includes widening the pupils of the eye, mobilizing energy, and diverting blood flow from non-essential organs to skeletal muscle. There are two main groups of adrenergic receptors, α and β, with several subtypes. α receptors have the subtypes α1 and α2. β receptors have the subtypes β1, β2 and β3. All three are linked to Gs proteins, which in turn are linked to adenylate cyclase. Agonist binding thus causes a rise in the intracellular concentration of the second messenger cAMP. Downstream effectors of cAMP include cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA), which mediates some of the intracellular events following hormone binding.

Adrenergic Receptor Isoform Specific Products:

Adrenergic Receptor Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-B1035
    Levobunolol hydrochloride
    		Antagonist 99.95%
    Levobunolol (l-Bunolol) hydrochloride is a non-selective β-adrenergic antagonist and vasodilator. By blocking calcium ion influx and reducing the sensitivity of vascular smooth muscle to calcium, Levobunolol hydrochloride effectively dilates the ciliary arteries and increases ocular blood flow, so it is widely used in research on glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Levobunolol hydrochloride inhibits the β-receptor signaling pathway and the expression of related proliferation markers (such as CK3, CK14, CK19, Ki67) in corneal cells. In rabbit models, Levobunolol hydrochloride not only does not inhibit corneal epithelial regeneration, but also accelerates the healing of mechanical injury without adverse effects. Levobunolol hydrochloride also inhibits histamine-induced vasoconstriction and intracellular calcium elevation, exhibiting unique vascular regulatory activity. Levobunolol hydrochloride protects ocular blood flow and promotes corneal repair.
    Levobunolol hydrochloride
  • HY-108901
    Formoterol hemifumarate hydrate
    		Agonist 99.91%
    Formoterol hemifumarate hydrate is a selective, long-acting beta 2-adrenoceptor agonist. Formoterol is a bronchodilator used for the research of the asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Formoterol hemifumarate hydrate induces mitochondrial biogenesis and promotes cognitive recovery after traumatic brain injury.
    Formoterol hemifumarate hydrate
  • HY-B1470
    Azaperone
    		Antagonist 99.23%
    Azaperone is an antagonist of dopamine D2 receptor (Dopamine D2 Receptor) and α-adrenergic receptor (AR). Azaperone reduces vasomotor tone, mean arterial pressure, hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration, and etorphine-induced duration; induces transient tachycardia followed by bradycardia, splenic uptake of red blood cells, and sedation; alters animal behaviors; and produces sedation with distinct onset and duration in foals. Azaperone is used for sedation and tranquilization in various animals to reduce stress and aggressive behaviors, and serves as a preanesthetic agent.
    Azaperone
  • HY-B1111
    Amitraz
    		Agonist 98.75%
    Amitraz is a non-systemic acaricide and insecticide with alpha-adrenergic agonist activity that interacts with octopamine receptors in the central nervous system and inhibits monoamine oxidase and prostaglandin synthesis.
    Amitraz
  • HY-B1116
    Metaraminol tartrate
    		Agonist 99.90%
    Metaraminol tartrate?(Metaradrine tartrate) is an α-adrenergic agonist. Metaraminol tartrate is a sympathomimetic amine that directly and indirectly affects adrenergic receptors, with alpha effects being predominant.Metaraminol tartrate acts as a vasopressor agent.
    Metaraminol tartrate
  • HY-B1371A
    Spiperone hydrochloride
    		Antagonist 99.10%
    Spiperone hydrochloride (Spiroperidol hydrochloride) is a selective dopamine D2 receptor (Ki values of 0.06 nM, 0.6 nM, 0.08 nM, ~350 nM, ~3500 nM for D2, D3, D4, D1 and D5 receptors, respectively) and 5-HT2A/5-HT1A receptor (Kis of 1 nM/49 nM) antagonist. Spiperone hydrochloride is also a selective α1B-adrenoceptor antagonist. Spiperone hydrochloride activates calcium-activated chloride channel (CaCC). Antipsychotic and anti-inflammatory activities.
    Spiperone hydrochloride
  • HY-12980
    Batefenterol
    		Agonist 99.72%
    Batefenterol (GSK961081;TD-5959) is a novel muscarinic receptor antagonist and β2-adrenoceptor agonist; displays high affinity for hM2, hM3 muscarinic and hβ2-adrenoceptor with Ki values of 1.4, 1.3 and 3.7 nM, respectively.
    Batefenterol
  • HY-B0983
    Hydrocortisone 17-butyrate
    		Agonist 99.94%
    Hydrocortisone 17-butyrate is a non-fluorinated topical corticosteroid for use in psoriasis, eczema, and other inflammatory dermatoses. Hydrocortisone 17-butyrate inhibits granuloma formation in rats. Hydrocortisone 17-butyrate can induce vasoconstriction.
    Hydrocortisone 17-butyrate
  • HY-100490A
    Rilmenidine hemifumarate
    		Inhibitor 99.82%
    Rilmenidine hemifumarate, an innovative antihypertensive agent, is an orally active, selective I1 imidazoline receptor agonist. Rilmenidine hemifumarate is an alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist. Rilmenidine hemifumarate induces autophagy. Rilmenidine hemifumarate acts both centrally by reducing sympathetic overactivity and in the kidney by inhibiting the Na+/H+ antiport. Rilmenidine hemifumarate modulates proliferation and stimulates the proapoptotic protein Bax thus inducing the perturbation of the mitochondrial pathway and apoptosis in human leukemic K562 cells .
    Rilmenidine hemifumarate
  • HY-101336
    RS 17053 hydrochloride
    		Antagonist 99.93%
    RS 17053 hydrochloride is a potent and selective α1A adrenoceptor antagonist, with a pKi value of 9.1 in native cell membrane and a pA2 value of 9.8 in functional assays.
    RS 17053 hydrochloride
  • HY-B1264
    Celiprolol hydrochloride
    		Antagonist 99.98%
    Celiprolol (REV 5320) is a potent, cardioselective and orally active β1-andrenoceptor r antagonist with partial β2 agonist activity, with Ki values of 0.14-8.3 μM. Celiprolol has antihypertensive and antianginal activity, and can be used for the research of cardiovascular disease such as high blood pressure.
    Celiprolol hydrochloride
  • HY-117071
    Dabuzalgron
    		Agonist 98.04%
    Dabuzalgron (Ro 115-1240) is an orally active and selective α-1A adrenergic receptor agonist for the treatment of urinary incontinence. Dabuzalgron protects against Doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by preserving mitochondrial function.
    Dabuzalgron
  • HY-B0374A
    Moxonidine hydrochloride
    		Activator 99.83%
    Moxonidine (BDF5895) hydrochloride is an orally active imidazoline type 1 receptor (I1-R) agonist. Moxonidine hydrochloride activates imidazoline I1 receptors and α2 adrenoceptors, affecting oxidized low-density lipoprotein uptake. Moxonidine hydrochloride reduces atherosclerotic lesions and lowers blood pressure. Moxonidine hydrochloride can be used in the study of hypertension, heart failure, and atherosclerosis.
    Moxonidine hydrochloride
  • HY-119515
    Denopamine
    		Agonist 98.29%
    Denopamine ((R)-(-)-Denopamine) is an orally active, selective β1-adrenergic agonist. Denopamine prolongs survival in a murine model of congestive heart failure induced by viral myocarditis: suppression of tumor necrosis factor-α production in the heart. Cardiovascular effects.
    Denopamine
  • HY-135026
    DL-Norepinephrine tartrate
    		Modulator
    DL-Norepinephrine tartrate is an external racemic catecholamine neurotransmitter, which is an equal mixture of the left-handed (L-, with activity) and right-handed (D-, with very low or no activity) stereoisomers. DL-Norepinephrine tartrate after being labeled with tritium can be used as a tracer for the research on Parkinson's disease.
    DL-Norepinephrine tartrate
  • HY-B0194
    Tizanidine
    		Agonist 99.58%
    Tizanidine, a skeletal muscle relaxant, is an orally effective central α2-adrenoceptor agonist (IC50 = 6.9 nmol). Tizanidine primarily exerts muscle relaxation effects by inhibiting the release of excitatory amino acids (glutamate and aspartate) from the presynaptic terminals of spinal cord interneurons. Tizanidine has anti-injury activity and can inhibit gastrointestinal (GI) transport. Tizanidine can inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of lung cancer cells and induce cell apoptosis by upregulating Nischarin and inhibiting the AKT and Wnt3a/β-catenin signaling pathways. Tizanidine can be used to treat spasticity caused by diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), stroke, and spinal cord injury (SCI).
    Tizanidine
  • HY-14537
    Latrepirdine dihydrochloride
    		Antagonist 99.65%
    Latrepirdine dihydrochloride is a neuroactive compound with antagonist activity at histaminergic, α-adrenergic, and serotonergic receptors. Latrepirdine stimulates amyloid precursor protein (APP) catabolism and amyloid-β (Aβ) secretion.
    Latrepirdine dihydrochloride
  • HY-16567
    Asenapine hydrochloride
    		Inhibitor 99.95%
    Asenapine (Org 5222) hydrochloride, an atypical antipsychotic, is an antagonist of serotonin receptors (pKi: 8.4-10.5), adrenoceptors (pKi: 8.9-9.5), dopamine receptors (pKi: 8.9-9.4) and histamine receptors (pKi: 8.2-9.0). Asenapine hydrochloride can be used in the research of schizophrenia and bipolar disorderr.
    Asenapine hydrochloride
  • HY-N4225
    Aaptamine
    		Antagonist 99.71%
    Aaptamine is an alkaloid that can be isolated from the sponge Aaptos suberitoides. Aaptamine is a competitive antagonist of the α-adrenergic receptor, as well as an inhibitor of the proteasome and cholinesterase. Aaptamine is cytotoxic to tumor cells and can induce apoptosis, cell cycle arrest of tumor cells, and the expression of p21 through a p53-independent pathway. Aaptamine has multiple activities such as anti-tumor, antioxidant, antibacterial, and analgesic effects.
    Aaptamine
  • HY-B1108R
    Labetalol hydrochloride (Standard)
    		Antagonist
    Labetalol hydrochloride (Standard) is the analytical standard of Labetalol hydrochloride (HY-B1108). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Labetalol (AH5158) hydrochloride is an orally available, selective α1-adrenergic recepto and non-selective β-adrenergic receptor competitive antagonist. Labetalol hydrochloride is an antihypertensive molecule that partially crosses the blood-brain barrier and has little effect on cardiac output. Labetalol hydrochloride can be used in the study of cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension during pregnancy.
    Labetalol hydrochloride (Standard)
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
Adrenergic Receptor Isoform Comparison

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